![]() An example is used to demonstrate the interactive protection system simulation, developed using the new approach. Statistical calculations are implemented to obtain reliability parameters. Parametric simulations of different circuit topologies during nominal and fault conditions are executed, processed, and analyzed automatically through batch and MAT-LAB scripts. In this approach, the power system network and its associated protection is designed in a graphical preprocessor to Alternative Transients Program (ATPDraw). It presents a solution to the problem of finding transition rate matrix for a Markov chain of a simplified digital distance relay model. This paper addresses an issue of reliability evaluation of protective relays, operating in harmonic polluted environment. Partial information on protection systems poses a challenge to construct or complete a transition rate matrix for reliability assessment. The transition rates are key parameters in all power system reliability models. This is mainly caused by a difficulty in recording of the state changes in the protection equipment or poor data acquisition and recording by power utilities. Usually the residence intervals in various states of power equipment are known, yet information about the number of transitions from one state to another is either missing or incomplete.
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